Evaluation: In his latest work, Alan Gratz interweaves a story of three refugees who, seemingly, are separated by time and distance, have much more in common that they, or the reader, realize. Josef’s story is one of escape from Nazi Germany in 1938. Isabel’s account begins with the Cuban raft exodus in 1994, and Mahmoud’s tale begins in Syria in 2015. By using the point of view of each character, each unique voice and circumstance is highlighted by their plight and their difficulty in finding refuge far from their homelands. The fact that Gratz is able to layer the stories together so seamlessly substantiates what a master storyteller he is, and his use of such an unconventional style of prose is sure to entice many young readers who would not otherwise be tempted to read this genre. One of the best played literary elements is Gratz’s use of tension throughout the novel. Just as one of our heroes reaches what we assume to be an insurmountable obstacle, Gratz changes gears and we hear from one of our other protagonists, with what seems to be an even more difficult situation. Although most readers are familiar with Nazis, storm troopers, and their propaganda, fewer readers may be acquainted with the Castro’s Balseros or Bashar al-Assad’s systematic inhalation of those he seeks to oppress. The pressure of their situations is almost palpable as they young people question why these things are happening to them, if they will ever find safety, and when, if ever, their lives will return to normal. Just as young readers will be drawn to the unique mode of writing and the air of anxiety looming over the storyline, so too will they be drawn to the message Gratz implants in the story: Although adults have caused the problems in their lives, young people have the intellect and wherewithal to make decisions which can positively impact their own lives and those of others. At some point or other in their narratives, each of the three main characters change roles with their respective parents, making decisions the adults either cannot or will not make. These decisions ultimately, for better or worse, shape the course of their story. Courage and determination, as we so clearly see, is not merely a trait exercised by adults. Response: Although not as refugees, the maternal side of my family came to this country as immigrants seeking a safer place to live, away from Europe’s constant fighting, food shortages, and lack of employment. I am proud to be a descendant of immigrants who at great risk, chose a better life for themselves and their families. It broke my heart to see characters in Refugee turned away, harassed, belittled, and imprisoned, when all they wanted was a safe haven for their families and themselves. Knowing what it means to come to a different country with little, if anything, has colored my life in so many ways. Having a Grandfather who prized education above all else led me to become a teacher. Stories of my family being looked down upon because of accents and broken English ignited a desire to teach English as a Second Language, and having a desire to be of help to today’s immigrants and refugees, has led to my volunteer work with Texas Refugee Services. Refugee truly struck a chord with me and I hope that it will instill with its readers, just how truly important it is to have a family, and to have a home. Conclusion: Given today’s political climate, Gratz makes a bold move writing about the plights of the characters, placing the blame of their suffering directly on the shoulders of their respective governments. In this wonderfully well written, accurately researched, and soul touching novel Gratz has without a doubt achieved what he set out to do: The plight of these young adults has been brought center-stage, and no-one, after reading this work of art, can close the cover unchanged. Bravo! Rating: A+ Citation: Gratz, A. (2017). Refugee. New York, NY: Scholastic Press.
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